The crop guarding resumed in March 2021 in Vohitrarivo (VOI Miaradia) and extended in May 2021 to Volotara (VOI Manirisoa) and Sahofika (VOI Samivar).

It stopped at the end of June after the end of the « main season campaign » harvest.

From March to June 2021, none of the paddy fields watched by the guards was attacked, confirming the effectiveness of the system put in place.

However, some damage was reported in some paddy fields when the guarding started after the report of an attack.

The guard team was strongly reinforced in May since it is now composed of 40 people (vs. 24 between November 2020 and February 2021).

The guards, who work in team of 4, take turns watching the rice fields from the moment the rice grains are mature until they are harvested.

The increase in the number of guards is explained by:

-the extension of the crop guarding to the 3 sectors of our intervention area (= 3 VOI).

-the period: the « main season campaign » corresponds in fact to the most important rice harvest of the year during which all the rice fields are cultivated;

-the good results of guarding in 2019-2020: 66 farmers (vs. 43 between November 2020 and February 2021) wished to benefit from this service during the « main season campaign ».

A field assistant reinforced the guarding team for 1 month in order to carry out several surveys.

He notably followed the 4 teams of guards in Volotara, recording for 15 days the movement of the groups 8 and 9, the number and location of the attacks as well as the position of the guards:

Survey of the guarding at Volotara : white spots = location of the greater bamboo lemurs, green spots = position of the guards and in red spots = location of the attacks © Helpsimus

Note that in 15 days, the guards repelled 24 attacks in Volotara.

Finally, a fourth footbridge was built on the territory of group I.

The footbridge on the terriroty of the group I © Helpsimus

The map below gives the location of the 4 footbridges on the territories of the groups I and II:

Location of the footbrigdes / red spots = position of the group II in 2020&2021, pink spots = positionof the group I in 2020&2021 © Helpsimus

The floristic inventory started in 2018. It continued this year near the village of Vohitrarivo and it was carried out by a botanist of our local partner IMPACT Madagascar.

Six forest fragments constituting 6 of the 8 conservation areas of the VOI Miaradia were thus visited. Despite their state of degradation (more or less important depending on the fragments) due to very strong human pressure, there is still a significant floristic richness, including 38 species placing in the IUCN Red List (LC and VU).

About forty plant species have been listed in each forest fragment. Many of them are endemic species.

Even though few large trees are present, the potential for forest restoration of these fragments is high. Vegetation has started to regenerate in some of them thanks to the protective measures currently in place.

These forest fragments are also home to a rich and varied fauna that a biologist of IMPACT Madagascar began to inventory.

36 bird species have been identified of which more than 40% are endemic. Logically, we find the greatest number of species in the least degraded forest fragments, in particular in those where the greatest number of large trees (measuring about fifteen meters high) remain.

Thus, a young Madagascan owl (Asio madagascariensis) was observed in one of them confirming a wide distribution of the species on the site of the Bamboo Lemur program.

The 2 most abundant species are the red fody (Foudia madagascariensis) and the Malagasy bulbul (Hypsipetes madagascariensis).

The presence of blue coua (Coua caerulea) has also been confirmed. So far, the species had only been observed in Sahofika and Volotara.

5 of the 6 species of lemurs identified in our conservation area live in these forest fragments. The Red-bellied Lemur has not been found but has never been spotted in the VOI Miaradia.

Several species of mammals have also been recorded, including the ring-tailed mongoose and tenrecs.

For the past 10 years Helpsimus has been constantly fighting to protect one of the largest wild populations of Greater Bamboo Lemurs (Prolemur simus) in Madagascar, a species classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and whose numbers are now estimated at around 1,500 specimens.

We work nearby the Ranomafana National Park but in an unprotected and highly disturbed environment since it is located on the agricultural lands of several villages where we are currently monitoring and protecting nearly 500 Greater Bamboo Lemurs (i.e. around 1/3 of the global wild population). Their habitat, made up of bamboo forests they feed on almost exclusively, is extremely fragmented by the slash-and-burn agriculture locally called « tavy ».

Our primary objective is to find a balance between the needs of people and those of lemurs so that both can coexist harmoniously, while ensuring a sustainable management of the natural resources and a sustainable development of human communities. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a two-track strategy: on the one hand, we seek to protect the lemurs’ habitat, and on the other hand, we help local communities to develop alternative sources of income allowing them to reduce clearings and the pressure they exert on their environment.

In the area where we operate, habitat protection involves the creation of village associations called VOI. Their goal? Identify priority sites for conservation and those where human activities can be developed in order to define an overall management plan for the area. We have already set up 3 VOIs: Miaradia, Samivar and Manirisoa, the latter in the process of being officially formalized. Their management plans have allowed us to raise more than 700 hectares of forest into conservation and restoration zones. These areas are made up of more or less degraded forest fragments but also contain patches of primary forest where can be found an exceptional biological diversity!

Our reforestation program launched in 2018 aims to restore the most degraded parts of the forest fragments and to create corridors between them in order to ensure the continuity of the lemurs’ habitat. We have already created 2 tree nurseries and a third will be established very soon. In 2019, more than 6,000 seedlings of twenty different species were planted!

Simultaneously, we seek to increase the living standards of the villagers so that they can stop clearing the land located on the territory of the lemur groups. Thus, we provided training to over 100 families in Improved Rice-growing System (SRA) that can double paddy fields’ yield. We also seek to improve the irrigation system upon which the results of the SRA depend directly. In 2019, several irrigation canals were built or renovated, which enabled the SRA beneficiaries from the VOI Miaradia to practice this technique in 2020 despite the severe flooding that hit the region.

We’ve been focusing on the development of vegetable crops with more than fifteen varieties cultivated by 250 families who are participating in that program and we have started a fish farming program which currently benefits to around fifteen participating families.

We are creating new Income Generating Activities as well: training on crafts production primarily intended for women (jewellery, sculptures, embroidery, etc.) and development of an ecotourism project. The latter will allow visitors to meet Greater Bamboo Lemurs in two forest fragments of the VOI Samivar and Manirisoa. Our fauna and flora inventory (still in progress) has already revealed the presence of various species of plants and animals, including 5 other species of lemurs, birds, small mammals, reptiles…

Our results so far are more than encouraging: we have noted an increased involvement of local communities in the activities that we are implementing, a sign of a growing confidence, and the support we provide seems to meet their expectations. A beacon of hope for the future of this unique population of Greater Bamboo Lemurs in which we recorded 80 births in 2019!

This project is co-funded by IUCN Save Our Species. The contents of this article are the sole responsibility of Helpsimus and do not necessarily reflect the views of IUCN.

As a reminder, the floristic inventory started in 2018. It continued last year in Volotara on the territory of the group VIII and was carried out by the botanist of our local Partner, the NGO IMPACT.

And the results are very interesting!

The vegetation on the territory of the group VIII presents a varied physiognomy. There are indeed bamboo forests, secondary forests but also primary forests (not intact) which are home to many endemic plant species: Ravenala madagascariensis, Dalbergia spp, Dyospiros spp (Madagascan precious wood) and various woody species.

Many animal species live in these forests where we can especially observe the 6 lemur species identified on the site of the Bamboo Lemur program.

In addition to this diversity there are many points of view of great interest (on the national park, on the villages etc.).

Thus a second tourist circuit (a more « adventurerous » one than in Sahaofika) could be created in the future on the territory of the group VIII.

The botanist also noted numerous degradations which should decrease with the creation of the third VOI and the development of a tourist circuit.

In 2020, we will continue to carry out plant inventories in other areas of the Bamboo Lemur program.